VOLKSWAGEN

VOLKSWAGEN 

The first 4-seater "people's car" with rear air-cooled engine was designed by Ferdinand Porsche (Ferdinand Porsche) on orders of Adolf Hitler (Adolf Hitler), who named it Volkswagen (in German - "people's car"). Mass production of this machine was supposed to begin in 1940, but due to the outbreak of the Second World War, plans went awry.

After the war, built to restore their production plant offered a variety of Western automotive companies. They all refused, as later regretted. As a result, the project gave the West German government. In a short time in Wolfsburg began the production of "people" subcompact, which is nicknamed "Bug" (in German - Kaefer («Kefer"), in English - Beetle («Beatle"). In 1945 were collected in 1785 cars, 1946 - 10020, and millions of "Beetle" appeared in the 1961 second million was made in 1971 in the 60s. the company moved out of state control in the hands of private investors.

Corrado with a 2-liter engine (1988). This high-speed coupe based on the Golf of speeds up to 203 km / h In the version of "660" with turvonadduvommaximum speed reached 220 km / h, and the motor «VS6» - 233 km / h with acceleration from a standstill to 96 km / h in 6.4 to
In the next 30 years Beetle became known throughout the world. Becoming a better and safer, become the most purchased model in the world.Record 15 million copies, set T Ford car ("Ford T"), "Bug" broke in the1972 production of this car started in other countries. 20 millionth vehicleassembled in Mexico in the 90s. Continue to produce Volkswagen Kaeferat the beginning of the XXI century.


Golf GTI appeared in 1974, combines the practicality and great performance. Here, we show released a limited edition model of the Campaign («Kampeyn") with a 1.8-liter engine, special trim, metallic color and optional equipment
Beetle longevity almost led to the downfall of the company Volkswagen. Under contract with Porsche, receiving royalties from each car sold, it represented one of the other models, designed to replace the veteran. Among them were machine "1500" and "411" engines with air cooling. But they were all rejected. Even the acquisition in the early 70's. companies Audi («Audi") and NSU (NSO) has failed to move the Volkswagen with rut. Meanwhile, sales of Beetle began to decline. The attempt to co-production with the Porsche sports coupe will not be repeated.
Only in the mid 70s. appeared completely new design - a series of front-wheel drive Polo («Polo»), Golf («Golf»), Passat («Passat») and Scirocco («Sirocco") with front engine with liquid cooling.


1947 Volkswagen - "people's car" with rear air-cooled engine. Created before World War II. Was in production at the beginning of the XXI century
This has enabled Volkswagen will soon again become the most popular brand in Germany and one of the most successful automotive companies in the world. The first really worthy of the attention model should recognize the Golf GTI mid 70s. Its design has led to the creation of many options, including coupe Scirocco and Corrado («Corrado"). And even after that the company never tried to produce a series of high-supercars, though in 1992 has created a wonderful V6 engine model «VR6», as well as 5-cylinder engine (1998).
Volkswagen Golf V5 («Volkswagen Golf V5») of 1998
Volkswagen Golf VR6 6-cylinder engine was a special car, a sort of "a wolf in sheep's clothing." In 1997 he was removed from production, but at the end of next year appeared the heir Golf V5.
This car was timed to debut 5-cylinder engine (2324 cm3, 150 hp) that is based on the engine «VR6». He was created to combine the inherent 6-cylinder engine power and torque with the size of a traditional four-cylinder unit. Sami cylinders arranged in staggered in two rows with an angle of 15 ° and the collapse had a common head unit.


With the advent of the motor Golf V5 series of the most intriguing model is supplemented with a high level of finish and rich equipment. Maximum speed - 216 km / h
Two-stage intake manifold helped provide a flat curve of the flow of torque. Its maximum value increased to 204 Nm at 3200 r / min, and in the range 2300-5300 rev / min value of the moment was 90% of maximum. The maximum power achieved at 6000 rev / min, top speed of 215 km / h, and half-loaded car accelerated from standstill to 100 km / h in 8.8 s. Average fuel consumption - 9.3 l/100 km. Transmission - 4-speed with a special developed by "dynamic shift program," which changes the moment of transition from one stage to another, depending on driving style.
Inside Golf V5 installed air conditioning with full electronic control, airbags for driver and front passenger, and side, power windows for all doors, multi-function trip computer, child seat attachment, height-adjustable front sport seats, filter dust and pollen, etc. Steering column adjustable for height and angle. For the convenience of the passengers and creating the impression of a much more expensive car, used soft blue backlighting for lighting devices. Glove box lid has a cushioning element. In addition, the machine has become one of the first in its class, equipped with satellite navigation system.
The list of standard equipment includes front anti-fog lights, ABS, electronic brake force distribution, and 16-inch alloy wheels with special "vandal-proof" bolts fastening. Bumpers, side moldings and door handles painted body color.


The new design added appeal of car Volkswagen Golf V5

Characterization
Engine: V5
Bore and stroke: 81x90, 2 mm
Displacement: 2324 cm3
Compression ratio: 10.0
Chassis: on the host body
Suspension: independent, MacPherson strut front to the back semi-independent
Volkswagen New Beetle Rsi («Volkswagen New Beetle Rsi») in 1999 r.
The first model of the Beetle had lived for decades, remaining in production in South America and 60 years after its introduction. The advent of the new century also, Volkswagen decided to celebrate the new version of an old concept. The first designs were made in 1991 in a studio in Simi Valley suburb of Los Angeles, and the first prototype the company showed in 1994 in Detroit and Geneva. Improved version of New Beetle («New Beetle" or "New Beetle") appeared in 1996 was planned to produce 600 cars a day at Volkswagen plant in the Mexican city of Puebla, and the first deliveries to begin in spring 1999
Together with 5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic transmission vehicle is equipped with a 2-liter petrol engine (115 hp) diesel engine with direct injection and turbocharged (90 hp) engine, or V5 (2,3 l 150 hp). But unlike the first Beetle with a horizontal 4-cylinder engine rear position, the engine is in front of New Beetle, because the new front-wheel drive vehicle used by the platform the Golf.


Externally, Volkswagen New Beetle recalls his illustrious ancestor. New Beetle is built upon Golf, so it is in front of the engine. The leading steel front wheels
Body with typical plastic bulk of the compass, and bends the surface is made of steel, and the wings - made of plastic. The lower part of the arched doors out to simulate the footrests. The car does not carry the same torsion bar suspension, instead of it installed in the front MacPherson strut and rear twist beam which provides constant track rear wheels. Stabilizer bars - front and rear. The brakes - disc, ventilated front ABS system and maintaining exchange rate stability.
The equipment list includes air conditioning, air bags for driver and front passenger, and side, power steering, power windows front doors, central locking with remote control, alarm system, 16-inch wheels and, oddly enough, a vase for flowers . In addition to her sentimental reminder of the 60s. were also round instruments and the radio Gamma («Gamma") in the "retro".


New Beetle created a studio in California's Volkswagen. The profile option «Rsi» similar to the Audi TT. Is the rear "wing" something more than a styling element, remains a mystery

Characteristics (petrol and 2 liter)
Engine: R4, front-
Bore and Stroke: 82,5 x92, 8 mm
Displacement: 1984 cm3
Compression ratio: 10.5
Transmission: 5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic
Chassis: Independent kuzovesperedi on the carrier on the MacPherson strut, rear torsion beam
Volkswagen Golf GTI («Volkswagen Golf GTI») 1974-1997
The all-new model of Volkswagen Golf named appeared in 1974 It was a small front-wheel drive car, available in different variants. First, the company had no plans to create a high-speed option, because it did not have adequate experience and reputation in the relevant market. Therefore, the appearance at the Frankfurt Motor Show 1975 1.6-liter «GTI» did not attract much attention.


Golf GTI 1981 undistinguished body of practical design ensured the love of the car buyers
With the introduction of this model, it became clear that there is a new category of vehicles - high-speed hatchbacks. Compared with the base Golf and any other hatchback «GTI» was stronger and had better handling. In addition, the car was hot in nature and number of attributes that make it very attractive. As a result, «GTI» set a bar for performance and spawned a string of imitators.


Engine with fuel injection car Volkswagen Golf, manufactured in 1985
For the car used a more powerful version of the new four-cylinder engine with overhead camshaft on models Golf / Scirocco, 5-speed gearbox and four-wheel drive. Front suspension - MacPherson struts with, the rear - on the torsion beam with trailing arms, which was subsequently copied many of the automotive company.

Golf GTI in 1989 with a 1.6-liter engine and five-speed transmission used in high demand


Displacement: 1588 cm3
Maximum Power: 110 hp
Transmission: 5-speed manual
Chassis: on the host body
Suspension: Front independent MacPherson strut at the back with a semi-independent torsion beam and coil springs
Brakes: disc / drum
Body: 4-person 3 - or 5-door hatchback
Maximum speed: 174 km / h
Options for Volkswagen Golf GTI Volkswagen Golf GTI Series 2, G60 and Golf Rallye
«GTI» Series 2 produced in the 1983-91 years. The car got a new elongated body, two versions of the engine dimensions 81x86, 4 mm, working volume of 1781 cm3 with two (112 hp) and four valves per cylinder (129 hp) and disc brakes on all wheels. With the 1986 version on sale «G60» with 160-horsepower supercharged engine, and in 1988 - four-wheel drive Golf Rallye («Golf Rally"). Cars with engine capacity of 160 hp a maximum speed of 209 km / h
Volkswagen Golf GTI Series 3
Volkswagen Golf GTI SE series appeared in 1991 he received the body of the increased size of the engine and two dimensions 82,5 x92, 8 mm working volume of 1984 cm3 with two (115 hp) and four valves per cylinder (150 hp) . Versions of the supercharged four-wheel drive and was not, but there was a car with the engine «VR6», to reach a maximum speed of 225 km / h
Volkswagen Corrado («Volkswagen Horrado"), 1988-1996
To understand what took place in the market Corrado car in the 90s. Should go back to 1974, when there was created by designer Giugiaro (Giugiaro) Hatchback Scirocco («Sirocco"), sporty 3-door version of new model Golf. His company has produced for the Volkswagen Karmann («pocket"). In 1981, the Scirocco has received a new body, for it offered a large choice of four-cylinder engines, but at the heart of the car remained the same platform is the first issue of Golf.


Golf GTI Series 3 (1991). With age, the Golf has a bigger body with smooth forms

Characteristics (GTI, 1976)
Engine: P 4, the upper cam
Bore and Stroke: 79,5 x80 mm
The two-door coupe Corrado VR6 with 190-horsepower V6 engine develops a maximum speed of 233 km / h
Replaced by a new Scirocco Corrado powerful hatchback body with smooth contours. Its layout has remained the same, but a platform borrowed from the more spacious Golf Series 2. Corrado combined high performance with the highest reliability and quality that are characteristic for the company Volkswagen. But, surprisingly, the car turned out not very impressive: the smoothness of its speed, handling and not up to the nature of the sport and were more predictable.


The drag coefficient was only 0.31 Corrado. The high rear end said that in the back seat is enough space for two adult passengers
All cars have 16-valve version of the 4-cylinder engines, one of which was a mechanical supercharging. In 1991, when the car Golf GTI series 3 was introduced by a 2-liter engine, changed their character. And for the flagship series introduced a new V6 engine with a 15 ° angle of the collapse capacity of 190 horsepower, significantly increases the dose of adrenaline in the blood of the driver, sitting at his wheel.


Features Corrado improved traction control system for the front wheels
The new engine proved to be versatile because of its low weight and compactness. In addition, it was created, taking into account the appearance of vehicles. Immediately after its debut, it was used in a series of Golf, Vento and Passat. Once installed on the Corrado has changed all representations on this car.


Transverse 6-cylinder engine «VR6» had a cast-iron cylinder block with aluminum head block. When the compression ratio 10.0, he developed 190 hp at 5800 rev / min and maximum torque of 245 Nm at 4200 r / min
Volkswagen Corrado VR6 was not only a faster and much cheaper compared to models such as BMW 325i Coupe, but also possessed excellent maneuverability, the highest quality manufacturing and finish, was very pleasant to drive. In the early 90s. It was the best, fastest and worthy of the ever made giant Volkswagen Group vehicles.


Aerospace magazine Autocar («Otokar") said about Corrado: «The fastest front-wheel drive production car ever got into our hands"

Characteristics (VR6, 1992)
Engine: V6, two overhead camshafts
Bore and stroke: 82x90, 3 mm
Displacement: 2861 cm3
Maximum Power: 190 hp
Transmission: 5-speed manual
Chassis: on the host body
Suspension: independent, MacPherson strut front to the back torsion
Brakes: disc
Body: 4-seater three-door hatchback
Maximum speed: 233 km / h